Poem
Different
Types of Poems.
Sonnet- a short rhyming poem with 14
lines. The original sonnet form was invented in the 13/14th century by Dante
and an Italian philosopher named Francisco Petrarch. The form remained largely
unknown until it was found and developed by writers such as Shakespeare.
Sonnets use iambic meter in each line and use line-ending rhymes.
Limerick- a five-line witty poem with a
distinctive rhythm. The first, second and fifth lines, the longer lines, rhyme.
The third and fourth shorter lines rhyme. (A-A-B-B-A).
For more
about Limericks, read How To Write
A Limerick on the FFP Poetry Forums
Haiku- This ancient form of poem writing
is renowned for its small size as well as the precise punctuation and syllables
needed on its three lines. It is of ancient Asian origin.
Haiku's are
composed of 3 lines, each a phrase. The first line typically has 5 syllables,
second line has 7 and the 3rd and last line repeats another 5. In addition
there is a seasonal reference included.
For more
about Haiku's, read How To Write
A Haiku on the FFP Poetry Forums
Epic- a lengthy narrative poem in grand
language celebrating the adventures and accomplishments of a legendary or
conventional hero
Couplet- two lines of verse which rhyme and
form a unit alone or as part of a poem
Narrative- A narrative poem tells the story
of an event in the form of a poem.
Free Verse- A Free Verse Poem does not follow
any rules. Their creation is completely in the hands of the author. Rhyming,
syllable count, punctuation, number of lines, number of stanzas, and line
formation can be done however the author wants in order to convey the idea.
There is no right or wrong way to create a Free Verse poem
Poetic Forms
Poetry comes in a variety of forms. Some forms have more structure than others.
Some follow rules that have to do with rhyming, syllables, repetition, etc.
Others are an expression that are fully in the hands of the author.
Explore these common forms, and give them a try.
ABC Poem
In an ABC poem, each line of the poem begins with a letter in the alphabet,
starting with A and moving in order through Z.
Examples of ABC poems:
A Friend
Chaotic
Places
Alphabet
of Love
ABC's of
Him
A
Beautiful Child
Acrostic
Bio Poem
A bio poem is used to reveal information to the reader about the poet.
Line 1: First name
Line 2: Who is... (descriptive words that describe you)
Line 3: Who is the brother/sister or son/daughter of...
Line 4: Who loves...(three ideas)
Line 5: Who feels...(three ideas)
Line 6: Who needs...(three ideas)
Line 7: Who gives...(three ideas)
Line 8: Who fears...(three ideas)
Line 9: Who would like to see...(three ideas)
Line 10: Who shares...(three ideas)
Line 11: Who is...(three ideas)
Line 12: Who is a resident of...(your town)
Line 13: Last name
Example of a Bio poem:
Tynea
Who is creative, loyal, and quiet.
Who is the sister of Travis.
Who loves writing, fall, and a good book.
Who feels excitement, anticipation, and joy.
Who needs quiet, sleep, and love.
Who fears crocodiles, losing loved ones, and knives.
Who would like to see miracles, more sunrises, and Ireland.
Who shares laughs, hugs, and advice.
Who is a writer, mother, and friend.
Who is a resident of Pennsylvania.
Lewis
Bio Poem Template (PDF)
Cinquain
A cinquain is a 5 line poem that follows a specific format. There are various
types of cinquains. Some are created with a number of words or syllables in
mind. Another form is created using various parts of speech.
Words:
Line 1- 1 word
Line 2- 2 words
Line 3- 3 words
Line 4- 4 words
Line 5- 1 word
Examples of cinquains based on word count:
Sun
Poems Don't
Have to Rhyme
Syllables:
Line 1-2 syllables
Line 2- 4 syllables
Line 3- 6 syllables
Line 4- 8 syllables
Line 5- 2 syllables
Examples of cinquains based on syllable count:
Morning by
Tynea Lewis
Restless
Waiting for light
Darkness covers the earth
Until sun crests over the hill
Morning
Eucalyptus
Tree House
Parts of Speech:
Line 1- noun
Line 2- 2 adjectives
Line 3- 3 -ing words
Line 4- a phrase
Line 5- another word for the noun from line 1
Example of a cinquain based on parts of speech:
Car by Tynea
Lewis
Concrete
A concrete poem is written in a way that the words create the shape of the
subject of the poem.
Examples of concrete poems:
A View Of A Cat
Sword
Girls
Are Like Apple Trees
Diamante
A diamante poem is a 7 line poem that looks like a diamond. It does not have to
rhyme.
It can be used to describe 1 topic or 2 opposite topics.
Line 1: 1 word (subject/noun)
Line 2: 2 adjectives that describe line 1
Line 3: 3 -ing words that relate to line 1
Line 4: 4 nouns (first 2 relate to line 1, last 2 relate to line 7--if you're
writing about opposite topics)
Line 5: 3 -ing words that relate to line 7
Line 6: 2 adjectives that describe line 7
Line 7: 1 word (subject/noun)
Loyalty
Betrayal (Diamante)
A
Diamante Poem: NOISE
General Templates for Diamante Poems
Synonym Diamante (PDF)
Antonym Diamante-color coded (PDF)
Emotion Poem
An emotion poem is used to describe various emotions, good or bad, using
descriptive language.
There are a couple different emotion poem formats to follow, and you could
always come up with your own.
Line 1: State the emotion
Line 2: Describe the emotion as a color
Line 3: It happens when...
Line 4: It sounds like...
Line 5: And smells like...
Line 6: Restate the emotion
Example of an Emotion poem:
Anger by Tynea Lewis
Anger
Is the color of lava spilling from a volcano.
It happens when a vase shatters into slivers on the floor.
It sounds like a car screeching to a halt
And smells like burning toast.
Anger
Line 1: State the emotion
Line 2: It smells like...
Line 3: It tastes like...
Line 4: It sounds like...
Line 5: It feels like...
Line 6: It looks like...
Line 7: (Emotion) is...
Example of an emotion poem:
Love by Tynea Lewis
Love
It smells like a deep red rose opening in the sun.
It tastes like delectable chocolate melting in your mouth.
It sounds like the birds chirping on a clear spring morning.
It feels like a fire on a cold winter's night.
It looks like an ocean scene painted by God.
Love is unpredictable and breathtaking.
Free Verse
Free verse poems do not follow any rules. Their creation is completely in the
hands of the author.
Rhyming, syllable count, punctuation, number of lines, number of stanzas, and
line formation can be done however the author wants in order to convey the
idea.
There is no right or wrong way to create these poems.
Examples of free verse poems:
Dreaming On
Paper
Hopeful
Future
Swoosh,
Boom, Crunch, Howl
The Pencil
Case
The Dream
See Me
Without You
Dreaming
of the Night
Haiku
This is a form of Japanese poetry that follows a specific syllable pattern.
It's made up of 3 lines, consisting of 17 syllables in total. Haikus are
usually about a specific part of nature.
Line 1: 5 syllables
Line 2: 7 syllables
Line 3: 5 syllables
Haiku examples:
Spring
October's
Gold
Thanksgiving
Haiku
First
Blueberries of Summer
Buttercup
Meadow
A
Chandelier
Sakura
Wa Kawaii Desuyo
Halloween
Limerick
A limerick is a short, humorous poem that follows a determined rhyme scheme of
AABBA.
This five line poem also follows a syllable count.
Line 1: 7-10 syllables
Line 2: 7-10 syllables
Line 3: 5-7 syllables
Line 4: 5-7 syllables
Line 5: 7-10 syllables
Limerick examples:
My Foolish Dog
The
Elderly Toilet
Not
Another Nantucket Limerick!
An Ice
Cream Limerick
Guy Named Noah
The Man
From Greece
Narrative
Pantoum
A pantoum is a poem that uses a lot of repetition. To create this poem, follow
these steps.
Write a
quatrain (4 line stanza). Writing emotional lines usually works best.
Take
lines 2 and 4 of the first stanza and make them lines 1 and 3 of the
second stanza.
Take
lines 2 and 4 of the second stanza and make them lines 1 and 3 of the
third stanza.
Continue
your poem using this pattern.
For your
last stanza, go back to the first stanza of the poem. Make line 3 of the
first stanza line 2 of your last. Make line 1 of the first stanza line 4
in your last.
Example of a pantoum:
Her
Smile
Sonnet
A sonnet is a 14 line poem with a specific rhyme scheme. Each type of sonnet
follows a different rhyming scheme.
English (Shakespearian) Sonnet
14 line poem
3 quatrains (4 line stanzas) followed by 1 couplet (2 line stanza)
Rhyming scheme of ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
All We
Will Be By Tynea Lewis
He sits, paying no attention to me.
I wonder what is going through his head.
It hurts knowing friends is all we will be.
His unexpected glace turns my face red.
His mud brown eyes are so piercing and deep.
Then a smile fills his flawless, tanned face.
If only into his heart I could creep.
The slow motion moment makes my heart race.
Our time together is a dream come true
But I fear he can see into my heart.
When I am with him, I don't feel so blue,
But something new won't be able to start.
Since nothing will be, onward I must go.
These feelings I have to hide and not show.
Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet
14 line poem
1 octave (8 line stanza) followed by 1 sestet (6 line stanza)
Rhyming scheme of ABBAABBA CDCCDC (or CDECDE)
When I
Consider How My Light Is Spent By John Milton
When I consider how my light is spent
Ere half my days, in this dark world and wide,
And that one talent which is death to hide
Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent
To serve therewith my Maker, and present
My true account, lest he returning chide;
"Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?"
I fondly ask; but Patience to prevent
That murmur, soon replies, "God doth not need
Either man's work or his own gifts; who best
Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state
Is kingly. Thousands at his bidding speed
And post o'er land and ocean without rest:
They also serve who only stand and wait."
Spenserian Sonnet
14 line poem
3 quatrains followed by 1 couplet
Rhyming scheme of ABAB BCBC CDCD EE
Edmund
Spenser (c. 1552-1599)
What guile is this, that those her golden tresses
She doth attire under a net of gold
;
And with sly skill so cunningly them dresses,
That which is gold
or hair, may scarce be told?
Is it that men's frail eyes, which gaze too bold,
She may entangle in that golden snare;
And being caught may craftily enfold
Their weaker hearts, which are not yet well aware?
Take heed therefore, mine eyes, how ye do stare
Henceforth too rashly on that guileful net,
In which if ever ye entrapped are,
Out of her bands ye by no means shall get.
Folly it were for any being free,
To covet fetters, though they golden be.
Tanka
A tanka is another Japanese form of poetry that follows a syllable format.
This poem is composed of 5 lines. Lines 1 and 3 have 5 syllables. Lines 2, 4,
and 5 contain 7 syllables each.
Line 1- 5 syllables
Line 2- 7 syllables
Line 3- 5 syllables
Line 4- 7 syllables
Line 5- 7 syllables
Tanka examples:
One diamond dewdrop
Sparkles in morning sunlight
Then, slowly drips down
A dandelion's green stem
Nourishing its thirsty roots.
Villanelle
5 tercets (3 line stanzas) with ABA rhyme scheme
Followed by 1 quatrain (4 line stanza) with ABAA rhyme scheme
The first and third lines of the tercet are alternately repeated as the last
lines of the remaining stanzas.
Villanelle Examples:
No one told me about this pain.
Everything hurts, even my pride.
It's these emotions I am forced to contain.
Tears have fallen from my eyes like a steady rain.
Nothing can take back those nights I've cried.
No one told me about this pain.
My feelings I cannot even explain.
To you, my heart was open wide.
Now it's these emotions I have to contain.
I'm at the point where I feel nothing but shame
Because I thought you were going to be my guide.
If only I was warned about this pain.
With you is where I wanted to remain.
Now I have to continue on with a long stride,
But these emotions I am forced to contain.
Please tell me our relationship was not in vain.
I hope to not regret having tried.
No one told me about this pain.
It's these emotions I am forced to contain.
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